Cinematograph for natural-color projections by the three-color process.



. L. QAUMONT. I(INEMATOGRAPH FOR NATURAL COLOR PROJECTIONS B'Y-THE THREE-COLOR PROCESS.

APPLICATION FILED FEB- 5.1912. L

1,223,381. Patented Apr. 24,1917.

2 sHEETs-SHEET v1.

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CINEMATOGRAPH FOR NATURAL COLOR PROJECTIONS BY THE THREE-COLOR PROCESS.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 5,1912.

Patented Apr. 24, 1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEIcE.

LEON GAUMONT, OF PARIS, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR, BY'l MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO EAST- MAN KODAK COMPANY, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

CINEMATOGRAPH FOR NATURAL-COLOR PROJ ECTIONS :BY THE THREE-COLOR PROCESS.-

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 24, 1917.

Application led February 5, 1912. Serial No. 675,627.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, LEON GAUMoNT, a citizen of the Republic of France, residing in Paris, France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cinematographs for Natural-Color Projections by the Three-Color Process, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention has for its object improvements in cinematographic apparatus for natural color projections by the three color process.

It has already been proposed to take three color cinematographic views by taking three images simultaneously and imparting to the film movements corresponding to the height of the three proofs, i. e., three picture lengths at each feed-movement. For this purpose, cinematographic apparatus is used having three objectives located one above the other between which and the film, or in fro-nt of which, are arranged the colored screens.

Such an apparatus, which can only serve for the taking of views, is unsuitable for the projection of pictures, since for projecting it is absolutely necessary to adjust the objectives very accurately vin order to obtain an exact superposition of the projected images.

These adjustments which it is necessary to make are the following:

1. Setting one of the objectives to the right focus and moving the others axially for obtaining on the screen, the same size to each image, for any given distance.

2. Slightly `turning outward the objectives about a-vertical axis in order to cause the projections of homologous points of the images of the film onto a screen to register exactly on the same substantially vertical line.

3. Slightly turning outward the objectives about a horizontal transverse axis for obtaining the desired convergency of their optical axes upon the screen, in other words to obtain the accurate superposition of the projected images.

4. lTurning the whole of the three objectives with their frame about the axis of said frame, inv order to bring the three optical edges of the film, as then a corresponding point of the subject would not occupy on the images the same position with regard to thefilm edges.

This adjustment could also be effected by displacing the objectives horizontally, parallelly to their optical axis, and each of them independently and. in a proper direction for obtaining the superposition of the projection on the screen.

5. Varying the spacing apart or the relative incline of the optical axis of the objectives, to make them agree with the spacing of the images on the film, in other words with the varying deviation of the pictures to be projected three by three simultaneously.

This adjustment may be effected' either in the first case by a vertical displacement of the optical axes of the end objectives, or in the second case, by pivoting the said objectheir optical -mounting two of them each in a frame, these frames being capable of vangular displacements about both a vertical and a horizontal perpendicular axis located outside the opti-v cal center.

Further a slight axial motion may be imparted to the frame of the two end objectives, for allowing the obteitsion, as above described, of images of the same size capable of registering exactly.

This whole device provides for the desired adjustment for a first film, but when the lm is changed, that is when' the dis- A can be moved apart or together by means of any device, such as a worm with oppositely directed threads, and which by moving apart or together causes the proper lmovement apart or together of the two end objectives.

Tn the annexed drawing:

Figure l is a vertical section; and

Fig. 2 is a plan and part sectional horizont'al view of a part of a cinematographic apparatus comprising the mounting arrange ments providing for these five adjustments.

Fig. 3 is a cross section on the line X X of Fig. i and j Fig. 4 is a side view, with the objective supporting means omitted.

Figs.` 5, 6 and 7 show on a larger scale the nut for axially adjusting the objectives.

Figs. 8, 9 and 10 are front, sectional and side views respectively of a modification of the mounting arrangement.

Tn said drawings T2 is a slide, frictionally engaged in its slideway, having the objec- J tives and adjusting mechanism mounted thereon. VMeans, such as a screw T4, may be provided for adjusting the frame T2.

@n the slide T2 vis secured a sleeve or frame T3 in which is a slidable frame O1 carrying at its end a neck A1 carrying on its front a frame F capable of motion on the axis Y Y -(Fig. l). This frame F carries the objectives A, B, C.

Bach of the objectives A and C is iixed in the frame F by means' of the pins l) and E (Fig. 2) about which it may turn.

The objective B is preferably immovably fixed in the frame F.

The nut G of the screw D may move to a small extent in its socket, as shown in Figs. 2, 5, '6, and 7 so as to allow a displacement of the objective on its optical axis to obtain pictures of the same size. Screws H and J are provided for i''astening the said nut when set to its determined position (see Fig. 5). A

The rear part of the objective is' brought against a stop screw K through the action of a pin M and a spring L secured on thel naaeei frame F. The other end of the spring carries the pin E which engages a l! shaped groove, as shown at T (Figs. 2 and 3).

The nature of the engagement of the pins E with the objective frames is however such as to permit limited adjustments of the frames thereon, z'. e. the frames may be shifted on the pins E as well as turned on said pins. This arrangement permits of theA the frame F, are screw threaded, one to the` right and the other to the left, and engage two bars C hinged to the ends of a connecting rodf-N, the ensemble constituting a stirrup with adjustable arms C and P.

The bars C P carry two stop screws t which bear against the upper and lower sides respectively of the objectives A and C lsaid objectives being pressed against the said screws by a spring r arranged between them and the central objective B.

For adjusting the objectives, the whole optic system is so moved as to bring the picture projected through the objective B to the right focus. The objectives A and C are then moved on their axes, by'means of the previously loosened nut G, until the corresponding projected pictures appear very clear. The nuts Gr are then fixed in place.

Now the rear portions of the objectives A and C are acted upon by means of the screws K in order to bring the three pictures to be projected into vertical alinement.

The screws t are manipulated for rotating 'the objectives A and C in the proper direc- K (and vice versa), is permitted because the' screws z5 and K are unconnected to the objectives and have a Hush or sliding bearing thereon.

This adjustment may be effected once for all, and the varying deviations in the spacing of the images may be rectified by means of the rod R which, owing to the inverse screw threads thereon, causes the back ends of the objectives to move together or apart each to an equal extent.

The neck A1 of the frame F which carries the objectives rictionally enters the rack frame proper consisting of the two tubes O1 and B1 sliding into each other and which are controlled by means of pairs of racks and pinions E1, lil. The rack and pinion i E1 are used forfocusing the ensemble, and

the rack andpinionK1 for vertically alining the ensemble.

The neck A1 carries a toothed segmenti)1 engaging a-worm N1, vixed on a shaft revolving in two bearings C1 and D1 integral with the frame O1., and terminating in an operating stud K1.

An apertureNV1 'made in theframe Ol1 allows :tor an'angulai1 movementof the segment P1 which moves with it the frame A1` upon which it is'iixed. It will b e sufficient heightbehind which are located the con-i densers F2' mounted in a frame G2 4rigidly connected by means of an angle-piece H2,

(Fig. 2) or integral with the objective slide I2, solas to. form an optical system capable of moving with said slide I2 and with the objectives carried thereby. and allowing of the framing of the picture.'

Any suitable lighting device may be used behind the condensers F2, and between the lighting device an'd the condenser F2 there is preferably arranged, a4 large condenser F3.

. The'three objectives A, B and G'instead of being circular in section are each limited -by two parallel horizontal planes thus allowing i'or bringing their axes together -a distance less ,than the distance between the v centers of `the pictures on the nlm. Ther means for mounting the objectives may also becarried out in the lfollowing manner i The central objective Figs. 8 9 and 10 B is stationary. The end objectives A and C can-slightly pivot horizontally the vertical pins aand b in the frames g and b'permitting of this. Thelatter` frames g and h are movable in the vertical plane, and further beingl ivoted about horizontal axes c and d may e slightly inclined. The axles o and d. are movable within oval shaped vertical apertures e f (Fig. l) in the sides ofthe frame F (Fig. l), thus allowing for a verconsequently j vand z..

tical displacement of the axles c and` d and Tighten-ing studs G are provided for arresting the frames in their proper position andother studs H are provided for assuring the iixi'ty of the objectives A and C within their respective frame.

of theobjective frames g.

projections by means of the three color;

method, comprising three objectives and a common support for the objectives, said sup-- port being rotatable about the axis of said..

support for bringing said objectives in verti- -cal alinement. 1

2. A cinematographic apparatusfor color projections 'by means ofthe three color method, comprising threeobjectives mounted' upon a common objective support, two of said objectives being pivotally mounted on vertical and horizontal axes in said objectives support, whereby the projections may be superposed. j

3. A cinematographic apparatus for` color projections by means. of the lthree color method, comprising'three objectives, two of which are pivoted and displaceable around the pivots' with relation to the third, astirrup having two members capable of being moved apart or together and having stops thereon limiting the pivotal movements of the displaceable objectives. j

4. lA cinematographic apparatus for color projections by means of the three color method, comprising a frame, three objectives, a support therefor capable of sliding vertically on the frame, an inner sleeve on the said support, means for rotating said sleeve in said support, a mounting on said sleeve fpr said objectives, two of said objectives being mounted, to be movable around vertical and horizontal axes.

5. In a cinematographic apparatus for color projections by means of the three color method, comprising three objectives, two of saidobjectives being mounted upon pairs"l of horizontal pivots, one of the pivots of each pair being longitudinally movable, and each pivoted objective being longltudinally movable on the second pivot of each pair so as to allow for the axial displacement of the pivoted objectives, screw stops adapted' to limit-'the pivotal movement of said pivoted objectives around'their horizontal axes,

and springs tending to move said pivoted objectives against said stops.

6. In a -cinematographicapparatus for' pivotedl objective being movable longitudi.

nally of the optical axis of the objective onY the second pivot of each pair so as to allow for the axial displacement of the pivoted objectives, `screw stops adapted to limit the pivotal movement of said plvoted objectlves around their horizontal axes, and springs tending to move said pivoted objectives members of, said stirrups together and apart.

8. ln a cinematographic apparatus; tor color projections, the combination ot a plurality of/ objectives mounted in close proximity to one another, means tor collectively bringing said objectives into vertical alinement, said. objectives being individually mounted to be movable on vertical axes and means tor adjusting said objectives individuallyon their vertical axes Jfor bringing the vertical `axes of the projections into alinement..

9. ln a cinematographio apparatus for` color projections, the combination ot a plurality of objectives mounted in close proximity to one another, means for bringing said objectives into vertical means for collectivelyT focusing said objectives, and means for individually focusing said objectives. i

l0. ln a cinematographic apparatus lor color projections, the combination ot a plurality of objectives mounted inI close proxlmity to one another upon a con objective support, one or more of said objectives -being pivoted horizontally in said support, means or moving said objectives to bring the projections into vertical alinement, and means for adjusting said pivoted objective to bring the horizontal axes ofthe projections into alinement.

ll. lina cinematographic apparatus tor color projections, the combination of a plurality of objectives of substantially equal local length mounted in close proximity to one another upon a common objective support, and one of said objectives being plvoted upon a vertical axis, one of said objectives being pivoted upon a horizontal axis 1n said support, meansA for adjusting said objective individually on its vertical axis for brmging the vertical axes of the projections into alinement, and" means for adjustl ing said pivoted objective to bring the horizontal axes of the projections into alinement.

i2. ln a cmematographic apparatlps tor alinement,

nassaui color projections, the combination ort a plurality ot objectives mounted in close proximity to one another, means -or bringing said objectives into vertical alinement, means for adjusting said objectives on horizontal axes to bring the horizontal axes of the projections into alinement, and means for collectively focusing said objectives.

13. ln va cinematographic apparatus for color projections, the combination of a plurality of objectives mounted in close proximity to one another, means for bringing said objectives into vertical alinement, means for adjusting said objectives on horizontal axes to bring the horizontal axes of the projections into alinement, means for collectively tocusing said objectives, and means for individually focusing said objectives.

la. ln a cinematographic apparatus for color projections, the combination of a plurality of objectives mounted in close proximity to one another, means for adjusting said objectives individually on vertical axes for bringing the vertical axes of the projections into alinement, means for adjusting said objectives on horizontal axes to bring the horizontal axes of the projections into alinement, means for collectively focusing said objectives, and means for individually focusing said objectives.

l5. ln a cinematographic apparatus for color projections, the combination of a plurality of objectives mounted in close proximity to one another upon a common support, said support being adjustable for collectively bringing said objectives into opposite relation to the images to be projected.

16. lfn a cinematographic apparatus for color projections; the combination ot aplurality of objectives mounted in close proximity to one another, means for collectively adjusting said objectives to bring them into opposite relation to the images to be projected, and means for individually moving said objectives to bring them into opposite relation to the images to be projected.

17. In "a cinematographic apparatus for color projections, the'combination of a plurality of objectives mounted in close proximity to one another, a common support for said objectives, means` for rotating said support for bringing said objectives into vertical alinement, means for individually moving the objectives'around vertical axes to bring the vertical axes of the projections into alinement, means for individually moving said objectives around horizontal axes to bring the horizontal axes of the projections into alinement, and means for spacing said objectives with relation to one another for bringing them individually opposite the respective images to be projected.

18. In a cinematographic apparatus for color projections, the combination or a plurality of objectives mounted in close proxen f' /bringing them individually opposite the respective limages to be projected, and means forfocu'sing said objectives.

19. In a cinematographic. apparatus for color projections, the combination of a plurality ofl objectives mounted in close proximity to one anothera common support for said objectives, means for rotating said support for bringing said objectives into vertical alinement, means for individually movingthe objectives around vertical axes to bring the verticaliaxes ofthe projections into alinement, means for individually moving said objectives around horizontal axes to bring the horizontal axes of the projections into alinement, means for spacing said objectives with relation to one another for bringing them individually opposite the respective images to be for individually focusing said objectives.`

20. In a cinematographic apparatus for color projections, the combination of a plurality of objectives mounted in close proximity to'one another, a common support for 35 said objectives2 means for rotating said support for bringing said objectives into vertical alinement, means for individuallymove ing thev objectives around vertical axes to bring the vertical axes of the projections 4-0 into alinement, means for individuallylmoving said objectives around horizontal axes to bring thehorzontal axes of the projections into alinement, and means for spac in ot erl for bringingthem individually'opposite the respective images to beprojected, and means for individually and collectively focusing said objectives.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto 50 signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

LEON GFAUMONT.l Witnesses:

rojected, aifd means 30 said objectives with relation to one an- 45l 

